2000 to 2002 - E-commerce takes a hit, bounces right back

Direct-to consumer e-commerce emphasizes accurate picking, high-volume sorters, light-duty conveyors and reverse logistics (for handling all those returns)

Sept. 11, 2001 - Terrorist attacks briefly disrupt the supply chain

The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks prompt companies to re-examine their supply chains, creating contingency plans in case of crisis.

2001 - Technology enables real-time information systems

Thanks to the Internet, RFID and other technology, data can be collected and communicated continuously

• Enables immediate response to unplanned events
• Allows customers to track orders end-to-end

2002 to 2004 - Voice-directed picking gains prominence

Hands-free, eyes-free systems make picking easier and more accurate.

July 2003 - Wal-Mart announces RFID requirements

Mega retailer requires its 100 largest suppliers to use RFID tags on pallets and cartons by January 2005.

2004 - Lean warehousing debuts

Warehouses focus on eliminating waste.

2004 - Pilot projects underway for hydrogen-powered lift trucks

Could hydrogen be the energy source of the future?

2005 - Software companies consolidate

Supply chain software companies are bought, sold and merged.