Fixed path: AGVs deliver heavy parts just in time

An automotive parts integrator had been using an automatic guided vehicle (AGV) system for internal materials handling. Within the existing traffic control system, the company deployed high-capacity AGVs for transport between neighboring facilities.

The plant is located next to an OEM assembly plant to enable just-in-time (JIT) delivery. A new application with larger and heavier trailers presented some delivery challenges. The two facilities are connected by a delivery tunnel so intermodal transportation was not an issue. However, floor space constraints in the supplier facility made it so the existing AGV units did not have sufficient capacity.

Taking advantage of the existing traffic control system, four new AGVs can carry 2,000 pounds each. Each unit tugs two steel platform carts that have first-in/first-out (FIFO) racks, built using the supplier’s pipe and joint system. Once in tow, each cart is loaded with pre-ordered parts from the auto plant then delivered on a JIT basis. An AGV with carts travels a 300-foot loop, making three stops for parts loading before traveling an additional 200 feet for cart drop off at the tunnel.

The new AGVs have a reversing feature that allows the AGV to spin, back up to a cart and engage the custom hitch. A proximity sensor in the hitch mechanism verifies positioning. The AGV follows a magnetic tape guide path. However, a unique feature allows it to reverse, rotate in place, or travel limited distances off its guide path as needed.

Since the plant operates 24/7, it also uses an optional opportunity charging system that eliminates the need for battery changing after each shift. This feature maintains the battery charge level without human intervention.

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